How do you edit Windows 'hosts' file in Windows 10?

 Windows 'hosts' file contains mappings of IP addresses to hostnames.

You can find the file in the Windows System32 folder if you run your DOS program with administrative privileges as shown.

You can open this file with Notepad also run with administrative privileges. There is another 'hosts' file related to iCalendar.

It is just a text file that you can edit and save with your changes.

More here:

https://hodentek.blogspot.com/2009/07/in-vista-home-premium-computer-name-is.html

You can also use the "Hostsman" application to edit the "hosts" file:

https://www.abelhadigital.com/hostsman/#downloads

How can I connect to SQL Server with an IP Address using Microsoft Operations Studio?

Take for example, SQL Server 2017 Developer's edition. It is the latest release version. When you install it you can only access using 'localhost' as shown.

Enter localhost

SQLServrConfig0

Click Connect and you are connected as shown.

SQLServrConfig00

Now instead of localhost, try the IPAddress as shown.

SQLServrConfig4

Trying to Connect you get the following message.

The reason for this is that the Protocols for MSSQLSERVER (the instance we are considering) has only Shared Memory enabled as in the SQL Server Configuration Manager.

SQLServrConfig1

The error message indicated that it was due to Named Pipe provider error.

Let us enable Named Pipes protocol in SQL Server Configuration Manager as shown.

SQLServrConfig2

Make a note that when you change (enable/disable), you need to stop and start the server. You can do this in SQL Server Configuration Manager.

Now attempt to connect using IPAddress as before.

SQLServrConfig4

Click Connect and you are connected as shown.

SQLServrConfig3

That is all there is to it. 

Can I access my local web server(IIS)from my smart phone?

As long as the local web server (IIS) is working and you can browse a file on the server from your browser you should be able to browse the same file on your smart phone provided you access the IP Address of your computer hosting the IIS.
You can find the iPv4 address of your computer by using the ipconfig command :
------
C:\Users\Owner>ipconfig
Windows IP Configuration
Ethernet adapter Ethernet:
   Media State . . . . . . . . . . . : Media disconnected
   Connection-specific DNS Suffix  . :
Wireless LAN adapter Local Area Connection* 1:
....
....
....
Wireless LAN adapter Wi-Fi:
   IPv4 Address. . . . . . . . . . . : 192.168.0.10
-------------------
Here is a partial view of my default site showing the content SVGCode.html, an interactive HTML5 page:

This is how it appears on a Microsoft Edge 15 browser:

This how it is called on my Microsoft Lumia 950 phone using the IP Address:

Note:  Although I entered the IP Address, the phone translated it to the computer name.

If it does not get displayed check the firewall and make sure this item is checked:

The computer was a Dell Laptop running Windows 10 Professional and the smart phone was a Microsoft Lumia 950 both on the same Wi-Fi network.

How to find the WAN IP Address?

Your local network is behind a router which is connected to your Internet Provider. All traffic coming to your computer is via your router which then routes the traffic to your local IP Address.

One way to find your WAN IP address, the address assigned to you by your Internet Provider is go to the site.

http://getmywanip.com/

Which immediately responds by showing your WAN IP Address as well as your host server as shown for my ISP Provider:

WANIPFinder.png

What is NAT?

NAT is Network Address Translation. A network device such as a firewall or router assigns public address to one or more computers inside a private network.

In Home computers, for example, if you have a number of connected (wired/wireless) computers then each of them can have a public address. These computers can share resources like files/folders inside the private network. A router is involved in routing the traffic between them.

Here is an example of 3 computers (wi-fi) forming the internal network with the router as the default gateway.

NAT conserves the number of public addresses. In the example you would have required 3 public addresses to connect to Internet.