Can you install SQL Server 2016 on Windows 10?

Yes, you can.

SQL Server 2016 Developer can only be installed on x64 bit machines.

There are two types of SQL Server 2016 Editions.

Principal Editions

• Enterprise
• Standard
• Web

 Breadth Editions

• Developer
• Express

On Windows 10 Pro as well as Home you can install the following:
Standard, Developer and Express

For step-by-step procedure to install SQL Server 2016 visit the following link:
http://hodentekmsss.blogspot.com/2016/06/installing-sql-server-2016-developer.html